18 Istanbul Technical University, Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering Faculty, Food Engineering Department, Ayazağa Campus, Maslak 34469, Istanbul, Turkey. 17 Istanbul Technical University, Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering Faculty, Food Engineering Department, Ayazağa Campus, Maslak 34469, Istanbul, Turkey. 16 Department of Botany, Fakir Chand College, Diamond Harbour, West Bengal 743331, India. 15 Molecular and Applied Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, Kolkata 700019, India. 14 Molecular and Applied Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, Kolkata 700019, India. 13 Banat's University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine "King Michael I of Romania" from Timisoara, 300645 Calea Aradului 119, Timis, Romania. 12 Banat's University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine "King Michael I of Romania" from Timisoara, 300645 Calea Aradului 119, Timis, Romania. 11 Banat's University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine "King Michael I of Romania" from Timisoara, 300645 Calea Aradului 119, Timis, Romania. 10 Department of Pharmacognosy and Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 11369, Iran. 9 Centre for Research on Food and Nutrition, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Rome 546-00178, Italy. 8 Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Science and Arts (MSA), 6th October City 12566, Egypt. 7 Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Ainy Street, Cairo 11562, Egypt. 6 Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INYTA) 'José Mataix', Biomedical Research Centre, University of Granada, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n, E-18071 Granada, Spain. 5 Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Granada, Campus of Cartuja, E-18071 Granada, Spain. 4 Graduate Program of Biomolecular Sciences, Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale 17020, Turkey. 3 Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Arts and Science, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale 17020, Turkey. 2 Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Rudaki 139, Dushanbe 734003, Tajikistan. 1 Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam 44340847, Iran.To prepare for this purpose, clean & pound the root, roast until it is brown & brittle, then grind it into a powder for a drip-filter. The root makes a tasty & non-acidic alternative to coffee. The youngest leaves can be used as an herb in cooked recipes, but can be mildly toxic & of unpleasant hairy texture if tried raw. In the middle ages a bath with comfrey leaves in the water was believed to restore virginity, & an astringent capacity well might tighten the vagina for a harlot to fake maidenliness for sake of a pricier fee! Leaves pressed against minor cuts & scrapes may well accelerate healing. These alkaloids include allantoin, symlandine, & anadoline, among others. In May & June, tubular pale yellow flowers rise above the foliage on stems eight inches to a foot, & dangle in small clusters.īy tradition, the leaves & thick roots have long been used medicinally for numerous ailments, a few of which it may actually assist, given that that the plant has several alkaloids that are potentionally either harmful (to the liver) or curative. The roots are very close to the surface & one needs only slice off a shallow bit with a spade to translpant elsewhere or give to friends. The root can be divided virtually year-round, as nothing shocks it save dryness. It will return in spring larger than it had been in autumn. Hardy to minus twenty degrees F., it dies to the ground in winter, but the root is still worming its way about. So long as it does not experience drought, it will adapt to a wide range of soil conditions from loamy to sandy to clayey, with pH ranging from a bit acidic to a bit alkaline. In the garden it requires persistent moisture & falls flat on a hot dry day, though it won't be as sickly as it momentarily appears & a good ground-soaking perks it right up. It grows wild in European woodlands in damp, dappled shade, & along riverbanks. Though it can be a good foot tall, it is in general smaller & tidier than the majority of comfreys. It thrives in sun or part shade, & can be rather too aggressive if it finds conditions ideal.Ī common garden escapee, it has naturalized in woodlands of Ireland, Maine, & the North American west coast, but is rarely a common plant in any setting. Tuberous Comfrey ( Symphytum tuberosum) is a large-leaf borage which spreads via rhizomes from its initial clump. Is closed by meeting banks, whose yellow flowers "A little space of green expanse, the cove
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